The AMEHC study team are openly sharing our study surveys. The below documents share survey questions grouped by thematic areas. Each document provides a brief background on the topic and its inclusion in AMEHC, key definitions, and sources/citations for the questions used. In the AMEHC study, we use a mix of previously validated questions, questions adapted for our study setting, and new questions that were developed for our study and context. For questions developed by our study team for AMEHC, please cite the study protocol.

For more information about the AMEHC study please refer to the study protocol.

Demographic characteristics,  WASH facilities and services, and the sociocultural environment

Measure Demographics

Demographic information helps to understand the characteristics of a population, contextualize and assess the generalizability of findings.

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Measure School WASH

Adequate WASH infrastructure within schools ensures access to safe water, improved sanitation facilities, and hygienic practices. Cleanliness, privacy and safety of facilities is key to ensuring user comfort and achieving menstrual health.

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Measure Household WASH

Adequate WASH infrastructure means access to safe water, improved sanitation facilities, and hygienic practices and the safety and comfort individuals when using them.

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Measure Supportive social environment

A supportive social environment is a requirement for optimal menstrual health and includes support at the individual, family, school, community, and broader society level.

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Menstrual health requirements and experiences

Measure Experiences at menarche

Menarche is an important biological marker and has been linked to a range of health outcomes. Experiences at menarche including perceptions, emotions, and encounters may shape individuals’ perceptions of menstruation.

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Measure Menstrual education, knowledge, and literacy

Menstrual education, knowledge, and literacy are relevant to understanding people who menstruate ability to access to information. Appropriate information enables understanding of the menstrual cycle, care for ones body and the ability to make informed decisions.

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Measure Menstrual hygiene experiences and practices

Menstrual hygiene practices refer to the actions taken to collect menstrual blood, handle menstrual materials/products and clean the body. The ability to undertake these practices in a comfortable and effective way is essential to achieve menstrual health.

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Measure Menstrual pain, heavy bleeding, and healthcare

Heavy menstrual bleeding has significant implications for health and wellbeing and likely intersects with menstrual management challenges, seeking health care and pain.

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Measure Self-efficacy and confidence

Self-efficacy refers to the self-belief in one's capabilities to carry out the tasks required to address ones own menstrual needs.

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Measure Menstrual social norms

Menstrual-related social norms may be harmful or protective and dictate the behaviour of many individuals within a community.

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Measure Shame and stigma

Menstrual shame can affect menstrual health outcomes and can be defined as feelings of humiliation, disgust, or embarrassment around one’s own menstruation.

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Health and Social Outcomes

Measure Health impacts

Mental health, physical health, and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) are three facets of health that menstrual health may impact.

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Measure Social and Educational Participation

Participating in social and educational activities can help adolescents grow mentally, socially, and emotionally. Menstruation may impact a persons' ability to participate in education and other social activities.

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